{"id":4194,"date":"2023-03-24T18:11:30","date_gmt":"2023-03-24T15:11:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/?p=4194"},"modified":"2025-08-12T19:03:34","modified_gmt":"2025-08-12T16:03:34","slug":"toplam-milli-gelir-olcumunde-nominal-satin-alma-gucu-paritesi-iraksamasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/toplam-milli-gelir-olcumunde-nominal-satin-alma-gucu-paritesi-iraksamasi\/","title":{"rendered":"Toplam Milli Gelir \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcnde Nominal \u2013 Sat\u0131n Alma G\u00fcc\u00fc Paritesi Iraksamas\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sat\u0131n alma g\u00fcc\u00fc paritesi<\/strong> ve nominal \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm aras\u0131ndaki sapmalar ok tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ekonomik performans\u0131 ve performans\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcndeki engeller de uzun s\u00fcredir bu g\u00fcndemdeki tart\u0131\u015fma konular\u0131ndan birisi. Toplam milli gelirin b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi veya k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclmesi \u00fczerinden yap\u0131lan tart\u0131\u015fmalar ve sunulan arg\u00fcmanlar iki ayr\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm metodunu kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya getiriyor. Bu metotlardan ilki olan nominal de\u011ferleme y\u00f6ntemine g\u00f6re bir \u00fclkenin gayri safi milli has\u0131las\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen<\/a> d\u00f6nem i\u00e7erisinde \u00fcretilen mal ve hizmetlerin toplam piyasa de\u011feri ile \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcyor. \u00dclkelerin nominal gayri safi milli has\u0131las\u0131 birbiriyle mukayese edilirken elde edilen de\u011fer dolara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclerek tek bir para birimi \u00fczerinden mukayese sa\u011flan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Bu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm y\u00f6ntemine g\u00f6re T\u00fcrkiye ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz bir ka\u00e7 on y\u0131lda ciddi bir ilerleme kaydetmemi\u015f gibi duruyor. Dolar baz\u0131nda nominal de\u011ferleme y\u00f6ntemine g\u00f6re D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131 2021 y\u0131l\u0131 i\u00e7in en b\u00fcy\u00fck ekonomiye sahip 50 \u00fclkenin nominal gayri safi milli has\u0131las\u0131n\u0131 \u015fu \u015fekilde tahminlemi\u015f;<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00dclke<\/strong><\/td>\nX Milyon ($)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Birle\u015fik Devletler<\/td>\n22,675,271<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00c7in<\/td>\n16,642,318<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Japonya<\/td>\n5,378,136<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Almanya<\/td>\n4,319,286<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k<\/td>\n3,124,650<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hindistan<\/td>\n3,049,704<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Fransa<\/td>\n2,938,271<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0130talya<\/td>\n2,106,287<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kanada<\/td>\n1,883,487<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
G\u00fcney Kore<\/td>\n1,806,707<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Rusya<\/td>\n1,710,734<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Avustralya<\/td>\n1,617,543<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Brezilya<\/td>\n1,491,772<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0130spanya<\/td>\n1,461,552<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Meksika<\/td>\n1,192,480<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Endonezya<\/td>\n1,158,783<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hollanda<\/td>\n1,012,598<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0130svi\u00e7re<\/td>\n824,734<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Suudi Arabistan<\/td>\n804,921<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
T\u00fcrkiye<\/td>\n794,530<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tayvan<\/td>\n759,104<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0130ran<\/td>\n682,859<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Polonya<\/td>\n642,121<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0130sve\u00e7<\/td>\n625,948<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bel\u00e7ika<\/td>\n578,996<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tayland<\/td>\n538,735<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Nijerya<\/td>\n514,049<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Avusturya<\/td>\n481,796<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0130rlanda<\/td>\n476,663<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0130srail<\/td>\n446,708<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Norve\u00e7<\/td>\n444,519<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Arjantin<\/td>\n418,150<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Filipinler<\/td>\n402,638<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Birle\u015fik Arap Emirlikleri<\/td>\n401,513<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M\u0131s\u0131r<\/td>\n394,284<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Danimarka<\/td>\n392,570<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Malezya<\/td>\n387,093<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Banglade\u015f<\/td>\n378,634<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Singapur<\/td>\n374,394<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hong Kong<\/td>\n368,633<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Vietnam<\/td>\n354,868<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
G\u00fcney Afrika<\/td>\n329,529<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u015eili<\/td>\n307,938<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Finlandiya<\/td>\n300,484<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kolombiya<\/td>\n295,610<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Romanya<\/td>\n289,130<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00c7ek Cumhuriyeti<\/td>\n276,109<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Pakistan<\/td>\n262,799<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Portekiz<\/td>\n257,391<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Yeni Zelanda<\/td>\n243,332<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

1990\u2019dan bu yana T\u00fcrkiye 16. ve 20. s\u0131ralar aras\u0131nda pozisyon al\u0131yor. 2021 y\u0131l\u0131 itibariyle nominal de\u011ferlemede 20.s\u0131rada. Di\u011fer taraftan di\u011fer \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm metodu olan sat\u0131n alma paritesine g\u00f6re d\u00fczeltilmi\u015f GSY\u0130H hesaplama<\/a> y\u00f6ntemine g\u00f6re her y\u0131l y\u00fckseliyor. Sat\u0131n alma g\u00fcc\u00fc paritesine<\/a> g\u00f6re yap\u0131lan hesaplama basit\u00e7e, elde edilen gelirin kendi \u00fclkesinde harcand\u0131\u011f\u0131 varsay\u0131m\u0131na dayanan bir hesaplama y\u00f6ntemidir ve \u00fclkeler aras\u0131ndaki kurdan kaynaklanan finansal sat\u0131n alma g\u00fcc\u00fc farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczelterek milli geliri \u00f6l\u00e7er. Bu y\u00f6ntem gayri safi has\u0131lan\u0131n daha fazla mal ve hizmet \u00fcretim odakl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmesini sa\u011flar. Y\u00f6nteme g\u00f6re yap\u0131lan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmde yine D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131n\u0131n 2021 y\u0131l\u0131 i\u00e7in tahminledi\u011fi liste a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fekilde;<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00dclke<\/strong><\/td>\nX Milyon ($)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00c7in<\/td>\n26,656,766<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Birle\u015fik Devletler<\/td>\n22,675,271<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hindistan<\/td>\n10,207,290<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Japonya<\/td>\n5,585,786<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Almanya<\/td>\n4,743,673<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Rusya<\/td>\n4,328,122<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Endonezya<\/td>\n3,507,239<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Brezilya<\/td>\n3,328,459<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Fransa<\/td>\n3,231,927<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k<\/td>\n3,174,921<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
T\u00fcrkiye<\/td>\n2,749,570<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Meksika<\/td>\n2,613,797<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0130talya<\/td>\n2,610,563<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
G\u00fcney Kore<\/td>\n2,436,872<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kanada<\/td>\n1,978,816<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0130spanya<\/td>\n1,959,037<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Suudi Arabistan<\/td>\n1,705,519<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Avustralya<\/td>\n1,415,564<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tayvan<\/td>\n1,403,663<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Polonya<\/td>\n1,363,766<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M\u0131s\u0131r<\/td>\n1,346,225<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tayland<\/td>\n1,329,324<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0130ran<\/td>\n1,148,580<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Vietnam<\/td>\n1,148,054<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Nijerya<\/td>\n1,116,255<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Pakistan<\/td>\n1,110,075<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hollanda<\/td>\n1,055,502<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Arjantin<\/td>\n1,015,008<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Filipinler<\/td>\n1,000,617<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Malezya<\/td>\n978,781<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Banglade\u015f<\/td>\n966,485<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kolombiya<\/td>\n780,262<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
G\u00fcney Afrika<\/td>\n753,113<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Birle\u015fik Arap Emirlikleri<\/td>\n683,182<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0130svi\u00e7re<\/td>\n660,862<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Romanya<\/td>\n636,481<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bel\u00e7ika<\/td>\n623,720<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Singapur<\/td>\n600,063<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0130sve\u00e7<\/td>\n589,751<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ukrayna<\/td>\n576,106<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kazakistan<\/td>\n526,746<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Avusturya<\/td>\n517,860<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Cezayir<\/td>\n514,748<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0130rlanda<\/td>\n500,270<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u015eili<\/td>\n491,535<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hong Kong<\/td>\n472,395<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00c7ek Cumhuriyeti<\/td>\n460,933<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Peru<\/td>\n439,262<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Irak<\/td>\n413,316<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0130srail<\/td>\n399,488<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

D\u00fczeltilmi\u015f sat\u0131n alma paritesine g\u00f6re ise T\u00fcrkiye 2021 y\u0131l\u0131 itibariyle d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck 11.ekonomisi ve 2000\u2019li y\u0131llardan bu yana y\u00fckselmeye devam ediyor. Burada ilgin\u00e7 olan nominal GSY\u0130H ile sat\u0131n alma paritesi aras\u0131ndaki \u0131raksama. Bu \u0131raksamay\u0131 tespit etmek i\u00e7in yine d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck 50 ekonomisinin sat\u0131n alma g\u00fcc\u00fc paritesine g\u00f6re d\u00fczeltilmi\u015f ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, nominal GSY\u0130H b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne b\u00f6ld\u00fck. Liste \u015fu \u015fekilde;<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00dclke<\/strong><\/td>\nSAGP\/Nominal Iraksama<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Pakistan<\/td>\n4.22<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
T\u00fcrkiye<\/td>\n3.46<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
M\u0131s\u0131r<\/td>\n3.41<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hindistan<\/td>\n3.35<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Vietnam<\/td>\n3.24<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Endonezya<\/td>\n3.03<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kolombiya<\/td>\n2.64<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Banglade\u015f<\/td>\n2.55<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Rusya<\/td>\n2.53<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Malezya<\/td>\n2.53<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Filipinler<\/td>\n2.49<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tayland<\/td>\n2.47<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Arjantin<\/td>\n2.43<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
G\u00fcney Afrika<\/td>\n2.29<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Brezilya<\/td>\n2.23<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Romanya<\/td>\n2.20<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Meksika<\/td>\n2.19<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Nijerya<\/td>\n2.17<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Polonya<\/td>\n2.12<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Suudi Arabistan<\/td>\n2.12<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tayvan<\/td>\n1.85<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
BAE<\/td>\n1.70<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0130ran<\/td>\n1.68<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00c7ek Cumhuriyeti<\/td>\n1.67<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Singapur<\/td>\n1.60<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00c7in<\/td>\n1.60<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u015eili<\/td>\n1.60<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Portekiz<\/td>\n1.44<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
G\u00fcney Kore<\/td>\n1.35<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0130spanya<\/td>\n1.34<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hong Kong<\/td>\n1.28<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0130talya<\/td>\n1.24<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Fransa<\/td>\n1.10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Almanya<\/td>\n1.10<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Bel\u00e7ika<\/td>\n1.08<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Avusturya<\/td>\n1.07<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Kanada<\/td>\n1.05<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0130rlanda<\/td>\n1.05<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Hollanda<\/td>\n1.04<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Japonya<\/td>\n1.04<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0130ngiltere<\/td>\n1.02<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ABD<\/td>\n1.00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Finlandiya<\/td>\n0.95<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0130sve\u00e7<\/td>\n0.94<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Yeni Zelanda<\/td>\n0.93<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Danimarka<\/td>\n0.91<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0130srail<\/td>\n0.89<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Avustralya<\/td>\n0.88<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Norve\u00e7<\/td>\n0.84<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0130svi\u00e7re<\/td>\n0.80<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye bu orana g\u00f6re (SAGP\/Nominal) d\u00fcnyada ikinci s\u0131rada. Peki bu farkl\u0131l\u0131k\/\u0131raksama bize ne anlat\u0131yor? SAGP\u2019ye g\u00f6re \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen bir ekonomi b\u00fcy\u00fcyorsa ya \u00fcretim art\u0131yordur ya da \u00fclkeye para giri\u015fi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ve mal ve hizmetlerin fiyat\u0131 k\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte s\u00fcrekli d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyordur. Bunlardan sadece bir tanesinin de\u011fi\u015fmesi SAGP ve nominal \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm aras\u0131ndaki fark\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 kat\u0131 gibi anormal bir seviyeye getirmek i\u00e7in yeterli de\u011fil. T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7inse bu rakam 3.46<\/p>\n

A\u015fikar bir \u015fekilde T\u00fcrkiye ekonomisi \u00fcretken ancak, \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ve di\u011fer varl\u0131klar\u0131n market kapitalizasyon de\u011feri \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck. Bununda temel sebebi \u00fclke varl\u0131klar\u0131na do\u011frudan sermaye yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 girmemesi olabilir. Yani ekonomi \u00fcretken ancak finansal olarak destabil veya kas\u0131tl\u0131 olarak b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sermaye blokaj\u0131 ve kur bask\u0131s\u0131 var. En makul tahminse bunlar\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131n bir arada oldu\u011fu.<\/p>\n

Listede ilk 10\u2019a giren \u00fclkelerin pek \u00e7o\u011fu yukar\u0131daki tan\u0131mlamaya uyuyor. \u0130lk s\u0131ray\u0131 payla\u015fanlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclke kategorisinde olan \u00fcretken ekonomiler. Ek olarak \u00fcretken olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen ekonomileri ya finansal olarak destabil (\u00f6rn: M\u0131s\u0131r) ya da farkl\u0131 sebeplerden sermaye ak\u0131mlar\u0131 iyi de\u011fil.<\/p>\n

Listenin en alt\u0131nda olan ekonomilerde ise durum tam tersi \u00f6rne\u011fin bu de\u011ferin 1.00\u2019in alt\u0131nda oldu\u011fu ender ekonomilerden biri \u0130srail. \u0130srail\u2019in yurt i\u00e7i \u00fcretimi \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek olmamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen ekonominin nominal de\u011feri \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck. Temel sebep uluslararas\u0131 sermaye ak\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131 \u00f6rn: Askeri yard\u0131mlar, kolay kredi ak\u0131\u015flar\u0131 di\u011fer te\u015fvikler vb. gibi<\/p>\n

\u0130svi\u00e7re beklendi\u011fi gibi listede en son s\u0131rada bulunuyor. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n finans merkezi diyebilece\u011fimiz bu \u00fclke de ise \u00f6nceki \u00f6rneklerin aksine \u00fcretim d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ancak sermaye ak\u0131mlar\u0131 \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek o y\u00fczden ekonominin nominal b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile SAGP\u2019ne g\u00f6re d\u00fczeltilmi\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc aras\u0131nda u\u00e7urum var.<\/p>\n

Oranlardaki \u0131raksama birden fazla parametreye ba\u011fl\u0131 olsa da ekonominin \u00fcretkenli\u011fi ile bu \u00fcretkenlikten elde etti\u011fi finansal avantaj hakk\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir fikir veriyor. Oran\u0131n y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu \u00fclkeler farkl\u0131 sebeplerden daha fazla \u00fcreten ve daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck finansal avantaj elde eden \u00fclkeler, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olanlarsa tam tersi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sat\u0131n alma g\u00fcc\u00fc paritesi ve nominal \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm aras\u0131ndaki sapmalar ok tart\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ekonomik performans\u0131 ve performans\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcndeki engeller de uzun s\u00fcredir bu g\u00fcndemdeki tart\u0131\u015fma konular\u0131ndan birisi. Toplam milli gelirin b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi veya k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclmesi \u00fczerinden yap\u0131lan tart\u0131\u015fmalar ve sunulan arg\u00fcmanlar iki ayr\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm metodunu kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya getiriyor. Bu metotlardan ilki olan nominal de\u011ferleme y\u00f6ntemine g\u00f6re bir \u00fclkenin<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4196,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,47],"tags":[249,248,250,251],"class_list":{"0":"post-4194","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-jeoekonomik-makro-veriler","8":"category-makro-ekonomik-analizler","9":"tag-gayri-safi-yurtici-hasila","10":"tag-gsyih","11":"tag-sagp","12":"tag-satin-alma-gucu-paritesi"},"better_featured_image":{"id":4196,"alt_text":"Sat\u0131n Alma g\u00fcc\u00fc 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