{"id":4711,"date":"2023-07-15T12:58:44","date_gmt":"2023-07-15T09:58:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/?p=4711"},"modified":"2025-07-20T01:45:35","modified_gmt":"2025-07-19T22:45:35","slug":"ucretlerin-artisi-enflasyonu-neden-ve-nasil-arttirmaz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/ucretlerin-artisi-enflasyonu-neden-ve-nasil-arttirmaz\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00dccretlerin Art\u0131\u015f\u0131 Enflasyonu Neden ve Nas\u0131l Artt\u0131rmaz"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00dccretlerin art\u0131\u015f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131rken \u00f6ncelikle para kavram\u0131n\u0131n yerli yerine oturtulmas\u0131 gerekir. Para nakit ve mevduatt\u0131r. \u0130nsanlar ceplerinde ihtiya\u00e7 duyduklar\u0131 kadar nakit ta\u015f\u0131rlar. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla nakit arz\u0131 talebe g\u00f6re \u015fekillenir. Ama mevduat \u00f6yle de\u011fildir. Bankalar edindikleri varl\u0131klar kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011fe girerler. Yani banka ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 her \u015fey kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bor\u00e7lan\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bankan\u0131n borcu parad\u0131r. Param\u0131z\u0131 bankadan ba\u015fka bir bankaya g\u00f6nderirsek bankan\u0131n o ba\u015fka bankaya merkez bankas\u0131 paras\u0131 g\u00f6ndermesi gerekir. Ama bir taraftan da o bankaya da fon giri\u015fleri ya\u015fan\u0131yor. Kapal\u0131 sistem. Nakit mevcudunda \u00f6yle b\u00fcy\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fimler olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece mevduatlar bankalar aras\u0131nda gidip geliyor. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla mevduat\u0131n ka\u00e7abilece\u011fi bir yer yok. Bankadan kredi ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda banka krediyi aktifine yazar. Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda size mevduat yazar. Siz mevduat\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ba\u015fka bir bankaya ta\u015f\u0131san\u0131z, ba\u015fka biri de mevduat\u0131n\u0131 sizin kredi ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z<\/a> bankaya ta\u015f\u0131yor olabilir. G\u00fcn sonunda, g\u00f6nderdi\u011finden fazla mevduat giri\u015fi olan bankalarda merkez bankas\u0131 paras\u0131 birikir. Bu bankalar, merkez bankas\u0131 paras\u0131n\u0131 nette \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f ya\u015fayan bankalara bor\u00e7 verir. Sistem kapal\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in ayn\u0131 anda t\u00fcm bankalardan mevduat ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f\u0131 normal zamanlarda m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

Bankalar kredi verdik\u00e7e ya da bor\u00e7 senedi ald\u0131k\u00e7a mevduat yani para arz\u0131 artar. \u00d6zel kesimi a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 bor\u00e7lu ekonomilerde, kredi talebi d\u00fc\u015fer. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n ve \u015firketlerin daha fazla bor\u00e7lanacak hali kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Servetlerine veya \u00f6z kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n kat kat \u00fczerinde bor\u00e7lar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerin durumu b\u00f6yle. Bu ekonomilerde art\u0131k bor\u00e7 \u00fcretmek zorla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in para arz\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak da zorla\u015f\u0131r. Bu ekonomiler, her yava\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda faizleri daha fazla d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrerek borcu art\u0131rman\u0131n yollar\u0131n\u0131 arar. Bor\u00e7 \u00fcretiminin \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131 bankalarca yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bu ayn\u0131 zamanda para arz\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131\u015f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir. Biraz kula\u011fa garip gelmiyor mu? Kronik talep yetmezli\u011finiz var. Ki\u015filerin borcu g\u0131rtlakta ama hala talebi bor\u00e7la desteklemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorsunuz. \u00dccretleri art\u0131rmak akl\u0131n\u0131za gelmiyor. Bor\u00e7 gelir e\u015fitsizli\u011finin bir sonucu olarak art\u0131yor. Gelir e\u015fitsizli\u011finin temelinde de kar \u00fccret dengesizli\u011fi yat\u0131yor. \u00c7ok daha az say\u0131da sermayedar\u0131n gelirden pay\u0131 artarken, milyonlarca \u00fccretlinin gelirden pay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. Gelir \u00fccretliden sermayedara ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e \u00fccretli t\u00fcketimini koruyabilmek i\u00e7in daha fazla bor\u00e7lan\u0131rken, sermayedar gelirini tasarruf edebilmek i\u00e7in daha fazla bor\u00e7 veriyor. Bor\u00e7 ili\u015fkisi de \u00e7o\u011funlukla bankac\u0131l\u0131k sisteminde kuruluyor. Banka, \u00fccretliye kredi veriyor. \u00dccretli harcad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeni mevduat sermayedara ge\u00e7iyor. B\u00f6ylelikle, \u00fccretli ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta geliri ile yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcketimi \u015fimdi kredi ile yap\u0131yor. \u0130\u015fte para arz\u0131 da b\u00f6yle art\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Talebi kredi ile desteklemek gelir e\u015fitsizli\u011fine finans\u0131n buldu\u011fu k\u00f6t\u00fc bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm. \u00dccret kar dengesini \u00fccretli lehine de\u011fi\u015ftirsek, \u00fccretli elde etti\u011fi gelirin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 ile talebini art\u0131r\u0131r di\u011fer k\u0131sm\u0131 ile borcunu \u00f6derdi. Daha az bor\u00e7la daha y\u00fcksek bir talebe ula\u015fabilirdik. Daha az bor\u00e7, daha az para demek. \u00dccret art\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n talebe giden k\u0131sm\u0131 artt\u0131k\u00e7a enflasyon da artard\u0131.<\/a> Dikkat ederseniz, bor\u00e7lanma azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in para arz\u0131 da azal\u0131yor ama \u00fccretlerdeki art\u0131\u015fla enflasyon artabilir. Bu enflasyon size tan\u0131d\u0131k gelebilir. Bu asl\u0131nda hi\u00e7 ya\u015fanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde bir tak\u0131m iktisat\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n a\u011fz\u0131ndan hi\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmedi\u011fi \u00fccret enflasyonu. Onlara g\u00f6re her enflasyonun m\u00fcsebbibi \u00fccretler. Halbuki T\u00fcrkiye’de ve d\u00fcnyada 40 y\u0131ld\u0131r enflasyondaki y\u00fckseli\u015fi ba\u015flatan \u00fccretler de\u011fil. Bilakis \u00fccretler karlardan daha az artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkeler talebi bor\u00e7la destekleme yoluna gitti. \u0130nsanlar g\u0131rtla\u011f\u0131na kadar bor\u00e7lu hale getirilip daha fazla bor\u00e7lanamay\u0131nca talep d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc, enflasyon hedefin de alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Bunu hakk\u0131yla bilmeyen iktisat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 en b\u00fcy\u00fck kayg\u0131s\u0131 \u00fccretlerin art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131. Bu bir enflasyon kayna\u011f\u0131 de\u011fil, talep yetmezli\u011finin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc. Bir taraftan \u00fccretler art\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rken, di\u011fer taraftan bor\u00e7 yeterince azalt\u0131l\u0131rsa enflasyon y\u00fckselmez. Ne demi\u015ftik? Artan \u00fccretlerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 bor\u00e7 \u00f6demeye, bir k\u0131sm\u0131 talebe gidecek. S\u0131k\u0131 kredi politikas\u0131yla bor\u00e7lar \u00f6denirken, talebin kayna\u011f\u0131 bor\u00e7tan \u00fccrete d\u00f6ner. Enflasyon da korkuldu\u011fu gibi artmaz. Ekonomiler daha sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 hale gelir. Finansal sistem her an patlamaya haz\u0131r bir bomba olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00dccretlerin art\u0131\u015f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131rken \u00f6ncelikle para kavram\u0131n\u0131n yerli yerine oturtulmas\u0131 gerekir. Para nakit ve mevduatt\u0131r. \u0130nsanlar ceplerinde ihtiya\u00e7 duyduklar\u0131 kadar nakit ta\u015f\u0131rlar. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla nakit arz\u0131 talebe g\u00f6re \u015fekillenir. Ama mevduat \u00f6yle de\u011fildir. Bankalar edindikleri varl\u0131klar kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011fe girerler. Yani banka ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 her \u015fey kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bor\u00e7lan\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bankan\u0131n borcu parad\u0131r. Param\u0131z\u0131 bankadan ba\u015fka bir bankaya g\u00f6nderirsek bankan\u0131n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4712,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,47],"tags":[204,426],"class_list":{"0":"post-4711","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-jeoekonomik-makro-veriler","8":"category-makro-ekonomik-analizler","9":"tag-enflasyon","10":"tag-ucretler"},"better_featured_image":{"id":4712,"alt_text":"\u00dccret art\u0131\u015f\u0131 enflasyonu art\u0131\u015f\u0131","caption":"","description":"","media_type":"image","media_details":{"width":1170,"height":780,"file":"2023\/07\/Ucretler-Enflasyonu-Neden-Arttirmaz.jpg","filesize":219342,"sizes":{"medium":{"file":"Ucretler-Enflasyonu-Neden-Arttirmaz-300x200.jpg","width":300,"height":200,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","filesize":24114,"source_url":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Ucretler-Enflasyonu-Neden-Arttirmaz-300x200.jpg"},"large":{"file":"Ucretler-Enflasyonu-Neden-Arttirmaz-1024x683.jpg","width":1024,"height":683,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","filesize":103531,"source_url":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Ucretler-Enflasyonu-Neden-Arttirmaz-1024x683.jpg"},"thumbnail":{"file":"Ucretler-Enflasyonu-Neden-Arttirmaz-150x150.jpg","width":150,"height":150,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","filesize":16217,"source_url":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Ucretler-Enflasyonu-Neden-Arttirmaz-150x150.jpg"},"medium_large":{"file":"Ucretler-Enflasyonu-Neden-Arttirmaz-768x512.jpg","width":768,"height":512,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","filesize":70235,"source_url":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Ucretler-Enflasyonu-Neden-Arttirmaz-768x512.jpg"},"bunyad-small":{"file":"Ucretler-Enflasyonu-Neden-Arttirmaz-150x100.jpg","width":150,"height":100,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","filesize":14619,"source_url":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Ucretler-Enflasyonu-Neden-Arttirmaz-150x100.jpg"},"bunyad-medium":{"file":"Ucretler-Enflasyonu-Neden-Arttirmaz-450x300.jpg","width":450,"height":300,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","filesize":36927,"source_url":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Ucretler-Enflasyonu-Neden-Arttirmaz-450x300.jpg"},"bunyad-768":{"file":"Ucretler-Enflasyonu-Neden-Arttirmaz-768x512.jpg","width":768,"height":512,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","filesize":70235,"source_url":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Ucretler-Enflasyonu-Neden-Arttirmaz-768x512.jpg"}},"image_meta":{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"1","keywords":[]}},"post":4711,"source_url":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Ucretler-Enflasyonu-Neden-Arttirmaz.jpg"},"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4711","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4711"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4711\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5069,"href":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4711\/revisions\/5069"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4712"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4711"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4711"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4711"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}