{"id":4989,"date":"2023-11-05T17:42:37","date_gmt":"2023-11-05T14:42:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/?p=4989"},"modified":"2025-07-19T01:45:09","modified_gmt":"2025-07-18T22:45:09","slug":"datakapital-backtest-modulu-temel-kavramlar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/datakapital-backtest-modulu-temel-kavramlar\/","title":{"rendered":"Datakapital Backtest Mod\u00fcl\u00fc : Temel Kavramlar"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Datakapital\u2019in Backtest yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndaki temel hedef al\u0131m-sat\u0131m kararlar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan indikat\u00f6rler, rasyolar, sentiment analiz ve haberler gibi verilerin tamam\u0131n\u0131 standardize ederek birbiriyle mukayese edilebilir hale getirmektir. Elde edilen \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar getiri ve stres olmak \u00fczere iki ana ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda toplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Metodoloji ve Varsay\u0131mlar;<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Her i\u015flemde test bakiyesinin tamam\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131n\u0131p sat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 varsay\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r yani, getiriler ve kay\u0131plar birle\u015fiktir. 10.000 T.L ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 bakiyesi ile yap\u0131lan bir i\u015flemin ard\u0131ndan pozisyon karla kapan\u0131p bakiye 10.500 T.L olduysa bir sonraki i\u015flem 10.500 T.L ile yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Stop loss veya take profit se\u00e7im men\u00fcs\u00fcnde aksi belirtilmedik\u00e7e yoktur, pozisyon kapatma i\u00e7in kar\u015f\u0131 sinyal beklenir.<\/li>\n<li>A\u00e7\u0131\u011fa sat\u0131\u015flar ya da kredili sat\u0131\u015flar yoktur. T\u00fcm pozisyonlar al-sat \u015feklindedir.<\/li>\n<li>60 Dk\u2019l\u0131k verilerle yap\u0131lan testlerde, 2 y\u0131ll\u0131k.<\/li>\n<li>1 G\u00fcnl\u00fck verilerle yap\u0131lan testlerde, 5 y\u0131ll\u0131k.<\/li>\n<li>1 Haftal\u0131k verilerle yap\u0131lan testlerde, 5 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir zaman periyodu i\u00e7in test yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>\u0130stenen zaman periyodlar\u0131 i\u00e7in yeterince ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 veri elde edilemeyen enstr\u00fcmanlarda, test edilebilir periyod yukar\u0131da bahsi ge\u00e7en periyodlara g\u00f6re regresyonla genellenmi\u015ftir. \u00d6rne\u011fin 60 Dk\u2019l\u0131k veriler i\u00e7in sadece 1,5 y\u0131ll\u0131k veri elde edilebildiyse, buradan \u00e7\u0131kan sonu\u00e7lar sanki 2 y\u0131l boyunca benzer stokastik s\u00fcre\u00e7le test edilmi\u015f gibi genellenmi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n<li>Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n homojenize edilmesi ve standartla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, hangi datan\u0131n karar s\u00fcrecinde daha verimli oldu\u011funu anlamak i\u00e7in kritiktir. Bu y\u00fczden mukayeseli analize odaklan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>\u00c7\u0131kt\u0131lar ve Temel Kavramlar<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h4 id=\"getiri-veri-grubu\"><strong>Getiri Veri Grubu<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Getiri% : <\/strong>Kullan\u0131lan g\u00f6stergenin test edilen zaman periyodu i\u00e7in k\u00fcm\u00fclatif ve bile\u015fik getirisidir. \u00d6rn: 60 Dk\u2019l\u0131k verilerle yap\u0131lan testler i\u00e7in 2 y\u0131ll\u0131k k\u00fcm\u00fclatif ve bile\u015fik getiri bu ba\u015fl\u0131kta yay\u0131nlan\u0131rken, di\u011fer zaman periyodlar\u0131 i\u00e7in 5 y\u0131ll\u0131k k\u00fcm\u00fclatif ve bile\u015fik getiri yay\u0131nlanmaktad\u0131r. De\u011ferler y\u00fczde cinsindendir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Y\u0131ll\u0131k Ortalama%: <\/strong>Bile\u015fik getirinin y\u0131llara g\u00f6re d\u00fczeltilerek y\u0131ll\u0131k basit getiriye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f halidir<strong> Getiri% <\/strong>de\u011feri \u00fczerinden a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki form\u00fclle hesaplan\u0131r:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-4990\" src=\"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Datakapital-backtest.jpg\" alt=\"Backtest Form\u00fclleri\" width=\"405\" height=\"62\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Datakapital-backtest.jpg 405w, https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Datakapital-backtest-300x46.jpg 300w, https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Datakapital-backtest-150x23.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 405px) 100vw, 405px\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Tam Getiri%: <\/strong>B\u00fct\u00fcn sinyal yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 test edilen zaman periyodu boyunca al\u0131m-sat\u0131m yapmaz<strong>. <\/strong>\u00c7o\u011fu belli aral\u0131klarla piyasa girerler ve \u00e7\u0131karlar. B\u00f6ylece test edilen zaman periyodu ile toplam <a href=\"https:\/\/tr.tradingview.com\/support\/solutions\/43000516374\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">trading<\/a> s\u00fcresi aras\u0131nda bir fark olu\u015fur. \u00d6rne\u011fin 2 y\u0131l boyunca, 60Dk\u2019l\u0131k bir zaman dilimi i\u00e7in toplamda 4400 civar\u0131 bar\/veri test edilirken bunun sadece 2000\u2019inde pozisyonda olunabilir. Bu durumda 2000 bar boyunca, pozisyonda olunan s\u00fcrede elde edilen getirinin 4400 bar boyunca elde edilmesi durumunda ne gelir elde edilece\u011finin bilinmesi gerekir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc b\u00fct\u00fcn g\u00f6sterge ve sinyal bi\u00e7imleri farkl\u0131 s\u00fcrelerde pozisyonda kalacakt\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n t\u00fcm zaman periyoduna g\u00f6re d\u00fczeltilmesi hem getirilerin mukayeseli olarak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilmesini sa\u011flar hem de ger\u00e7ek getiriyi miktar\u0131n\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r.Bir teknik g\u00f6sterge ile 30 g\u00fcn %x para kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 varsayal\u0131m, bu g\u00f6sterge di\u011fer 30 g\u00fcn boyunca hi\u00e7 sinyal \u00fcretmiyorsa bile 60 g\u00fcnde kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z para %x de\u011fildir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc g\u00f6stergenin sinyal \u00fcretmedi\u011fi di\u011fer 30 g\u00fcn boyunca beklemek zorunda de\u011filiz. Bu y\u00fczden do\u011fru \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm 30 g\u00fcne elde edilen getiriyi bile\u015fik olarak 60 g\u00fcne uyarlamakt\u0131r. Bu ayn\u0131 zamanda hisse senetleri i\u00e7in referans getiri de\u011feri olan, hi\u00e7bir i\u015flem yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumda (yani vade ba\u015f\u0131nda enstr\u00fcman\u0131 al\u0131p sadece tutarak) elde edilen gelirle de mukayese imkan\u0131 sa\u011flar.Tam Getiri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki form\u00fcle g\u00f6re hesaplan\u0131r:<strong><em>a= Test s\u00fcresince yap\u0131lan toplam \u0130\u015flem miktar\u0131<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>b= \u0130\u015flemde olunan s\u00fcre<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>c= Toplam s\u00fcre <\/em><\/strong>\n<p><strong><em>n =c\/(b\/a)<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong> <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-4991\" src=\"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Backtest-Trading.jpg\" alt=\"Trading Backtest\" width=\"374\" height=\"69\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Backtest-Trading.jpg 374w, https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Backtest-Trading-300x55.jpg 300w, https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Backtest-Trading-150x28.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 374px) 100vw, 374px\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Hesaplamadaki mant\u0131ksal s\u0131ralama \u015fu \u015fekildedir; <\/em><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><em>Toplam bile\u015fik getiri ve i\u015flem yap\u0131lan toplam s\u00fcre \u00fczerinden tek bir i\u015flemin basit getirisi hesaplan\u0131r.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>B\u00fct\u00fcn veri k\u00fcmesi \u00fczerinden (hesaplanan hissenin de\u011fil) ortalama i\u015flem s\u00fcresi hesaplan\u0131r<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Ortalama i\u015flem s\u00fcresi \u00fczerinden t\u00fcm test periyodu i\u00e7in i\u015flemde olunmas\u0131 durumunda ka\u00e7 i\u015flem yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 hesaplan\u0131r.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Birinci maddedeki basit getirinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc madde de elde edilen toplam i\u015flem miktar\u0131 ile bile\u015fik getirisi hesaplan\u0131r.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><em>Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar i\u00e7in not :<\/em> <em>Birle\u015fik getiri zaman \u00fczerinden hesaplanamaz, i\u015flem miktar\u0131 \u00fczerinden hesaplanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Al-tut%<\/strong> : Hi\u00e7bir teknik g\u00f6sterge ya da parametreye g\u00f6re i\u015flem yap\u0131lmamas\u0131 durumunda ilgili d\u00f6nemdeki toplam s\u00fcrede ne gelir elde edece\u011fimizi g\u00f6sterir. Analiz edilen zaman periyodunun ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131nda al\u0131m, biti\u015finde sat\u0131\u015f yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Net Performans% : <\/strong>Sinyal arac\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekten i\u015fe yaray\u0131p yaramad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7ebilmek i\u00e7in ilgili d\u00f6nemde elde edilen getiri ile yine ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde hi\u00e7 i\u015flem yap\u0131lmadan hissenin elde tutulmas\u0131 neticesinde elde edilen getirinin g\u00f6reli olarak k\u0131yaslanmas\u0131 gerekir. Bu mukayese zaman periyodlar\u0131n\u0131n standartla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in tam getiri% de\u011feri \u00fczerinden hesaplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc kullan\u0131lan sinyal arac\u0131 s\u00fcrekli i\u015flemde olmasa bile hissenin i\u015flem yapmadan elde tutulmas\u0131 t\u00fcm s\u00fcre boyunca pozisyonda olmak anlam\u0131na gelir. B\u00f6ylece \u00f6nce sinyal arac\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm d\u00f6nemde pozisyonda olmas\u0131 durumunda elde edilece\u011fi getiri hesaplanmal\u0131 ve bu de\u011fer form\u00fcle al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<strong> (bknz : tamgetiri%)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Net performans a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki form\u00fclle hesaplan\u0131r:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Net Performans%= [(1+Tam Getiri%) \/ (1+Al-Tut%)]-1<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Endekse G\u00f6re Getiri%: <\/strong>Tam getiri \u00fczerinden elde edilen gelirin ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde endekse g\u00f6re getirisini hesaplar. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki form\u00fcle g\u00f6re hesaplanmaktad\u0131r. Hisseler Bist-30 hisseleri oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in hesaplamada Bist-30 endeksi kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki form\u00fcle g\u00f6re hesaplan\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Endekse G\u00f6re Getiri%= [(1+Tam Getiri%) \/ (1+Bist30)]-1<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Toplam Kar%: <\/strong>Sadece karla sonu\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015f i\u015flemlerden elde edilen kazan\u00e7lar\u0131n k\u00fcm\u00fclatif toplam\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Toplam Zarar%: <\/strong>Sadece zararla sonu\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015f i\u015flemlerden elde edilen zararlar\u0131n k\u00fcm\u00fclatif toplam\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 id=\"stres-veri-grubu\"><strong>Stres Veri Grubu<\/strong><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0130\u015flemsiz S\u00fcre% : <\/strong>Test edilen zaman periyodunun, y\u00fczde cinsinden ne kadarl\u0131k bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde pozisyonda olunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, ilgili veri i\u00e7in 2 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir periyod test edilmi\u015fse ve %50 gibi bir i\u015flemsiz s\u00fcre de\u011feri g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyorsa toplamda 1 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir s\u00fcre i\u015flem yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Kar Fakt\u00f6r\u00fc : <\/strong>Backtestlerde \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 verimlili\u011fini \u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in en \u00e7ok kullan\u0131lan g\u00f6stergedir. Kar fakt\u00f6r\u00fc trading ya da backtest s\u00fcreci boyunca elde edilen toplam karlar\u0131n, toplam zararlara b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi ile hesaplan\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kar% : <\/strong>Ortalama kar toplam karlar\u0131n, toplam karl\u0131 i\u015flem say\u0131s\u0131na b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesiyle elde edilen rakamd\u0131r. Karl\u0131 i\u015flemlerde, i\u015flem ba\u015f\u0131na ne kadar kar edildi\u011fini g\u00f6sterir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Zarar% : <\/strong>Ortalama zarar toplam zararlar\u0131n, toplam zararl\u0131 i\u015flem say\u0131s\u0131na b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesiyle elde edilen rakamd\u0131r. Zararl\u0131 i\u015flemlerde, i\u015flem ba\u015f\u0131na ne kadar zarar edildi\u011fini g\u00f6sterir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Karl\u0131 \u0130\u015flemler : <\/strong>Adet baz\u0131nda ka\u00e7 i\u015flemin karla kapand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren veridir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Zararl\u0131 \u0130\u015flemler : <\/strong>Adet baz\u0131nda ka\u00e7 i\u015flemin zararla kapand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren veridir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>En Uzun Pozisyon : <\/strong>Test edilen s\u00fcre boyunca ta\u015f\u0131nan pozisyonlar aras\u0131nda en uzun s\u00fcre ta\u015f\u0131nan pozisyonun, ilgili veri tipi i\u00e7in bar cinsinden de\u011feridir. \u00d6rne\u011fin 60Dk\u2019l\u0131k periyodda test yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015fsa 250 de\u011feri, 250 bara yani 250 saate e\u015fit olacakt\u0131r. (Hisse senetleri i\u00e7in 8 bar, 1 g\u00fcne tekab\u00fcl eder). Ayn\u0131 250 de\u011feri 1G\u00fcnl\u00fck periyodlarda test edilmi\u015fse 250 g\u00fcne i\u015faret eder (5 g\u00fcn bir haftaya tekab\u00fcl eder.)<\/li>\n<li><strong>En K\u0131sa Pozisyon : <\/strong>Test edilen s\u00fcre boyunca ta\u015f\u0131nan pozisyonlar aras\u0131nda en k\u0131sa s\u00fcre ta\u015f\u0131nan pozisyonun, ilgili veri tipi i\u00e7in bar cinsinden de\u011feridir. \u00d6rne\u011fin 60Dk\u2019l\u0131k periyodda test yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015fsa 250 de\u011feri, 250 bara yani 250 saate e\u015fit olacakt\u0131r. (Hisse senetleri i\u00e7in 8 bar, 1 g\u00fcne tekab\u00fcl eder). Ayn\u0131 250 de\u011feri 1G\u00fcnl\u00fck periyodlarda test edilmi\u015fse 250 g\u00fcne i\u015faret eder (5 g\u00fcn bir haftaya tekab\u00fcl eder.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Datakapital\u2019in Backtest yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndaki temel hedef al\u0131m-sat\u0131m kararlar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan indikat\u00f6rler, rasyolar, sentiment analiz ve haberler gibi verilerin tamam\u0131n\u0131 standardize ederek birbiriyle mukayese edilebilir hale getirmektir. Elde edilen \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar getiri ve stres olmak \u00fczere iki ana ba\u015fl\u0131k alt\u0131nda toplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Metodoloji ve Varsay\u0131mlar; Her i\u015flemde test bakiyesinin tamam\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131n\u0131p sat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 varsay\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r yani, getiriler ve kay\u0131plar birle\u015fiktir. 10.000 T.L<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4992,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,40,11,45],"tags":[473,162,474],"class_list":{"0":"post-4989","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-finansal-veri-okuryazarligi","8":"category-finansal-otomasyon","9":"category-hisse-yorum-ve-korelasyonlar","10":"category-senaryo-ve-oruntu-testleri","11":"tag-backtest","12":"tag-datakapital","13":"tag-trading"},"better_featured_image":{"id":4992,"alt_text":"","caption":"","description":"","media_type":"image","media_details":{"width":1316,"height":891,"file":"2023\/11\/Datakapital-Backtest-Modulu.jpg","filesize":138035,"sizes":{"medium":{"file":"Datakapital-Backtest-Modulu-300x203.jpg","width":300,"height":203,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","filesize":6360,"source_url":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Datakapital-Backtest-Modulu-300x203.jpg"},"large":{"file":"Datakapital-Backtest-Modulu-1024x693.jpg","width":1024,"height":693,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","filesize":48730,"source_url":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Datakapital-Backtest-Modulu-1024x693.jpg"},"thumbnail":{"file":"Datakapital-Backtest-Modulu-150x150.jpg","width":150,"height":150,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","filesize":2861,"source_url":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Datakapital-Backtest-Modulu-150x150.jpg"},"medium_large":{"file":"Datakapital-Backtest-Modulu-768x520.jpg","width":768,"height":520,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","filesize":30198,"source_url":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Datakapital-Backtest-Modulu-768x520.jpg"},"bunyad-small":{"file":"Datakapital-Backtest-Modulu-150x102.jpg","width":150,"height":102,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","filesize":2451,"source_url":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Datakapital-Backtest-Modulu-150x102.jpg"},"bunyad-medium":{"file":"Datakapital-Backtest-Modulu-450x305.jpg","width":450,"height":305,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","filesize":11902,"source_url":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Datakapital-Backtest-Modulu-450x305.jpg"},"bunyad-full":{"file":"Datakapital-Backtest-Modulu-1200x812.jpg","width":1200,"height":812,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","filesize":61378,"source_url":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Datakapital-Backtest-Modulu-1200x812.jpg"},"bunyad-768":{"file":"Datakapital-Backtest-Modulu-768x520.jpg","width":768,"height":520,"mime-type":"image\/jpeg","filesize":30198,"source_url":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Datakapital-Backtest-Modulu-768x520.jpg"}},"image_meta":{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0","keywords":[]}},"post":4989,"source_url":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Datakapital-Backtest-Modulu.jpg"},"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4989","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4989"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4989\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5376,"href":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4989\/revisions\/5376"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4992"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4989"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4989"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/datakapital.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4989"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}